https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Admin wikipost - User contributions [en-gb] 2026-06-10T18:53:58Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.39.17 https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4043 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-04-16T03:55:07Z <p>Admin: /* April */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2997 Sprial Galaxy (40 mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:2026-04-14 NGC 3584 nebula 167mins_dnb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3584 Nebula (9,800 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 NGC4628 Prawn nebula_158min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC4628 Prawn nebula (6,000 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 NGC 4038 Antenna galaxy_100mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4038 Antenna galaxy (71 Mly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 IC2948 Running Chicken nebula_74mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|IC2948 Running Chicken nebula (6,500 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-09 NGC 3324 nebula_dnb_45mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3324 nebula (9,100 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4042 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-04-16T03:50:26Z <p>Admin: /* April */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2997 Sprial Galaxy (40 mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:2026-04-14 NGC 3584 nebula 167mins_dnb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3324 Nebula (9,100 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 NGC4628 Prawn nebula_158min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|IC2948 Running Chicken nebula (6,500 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 NGC 4038 Antenna galaxy_100mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3324 Nebula (9,100 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 IC2948 Running Chicken nebula_74mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|IC2948 Running Chicken nebula (6,500 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-09 NGC 3324 nebula_dnb_45mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|IC2948 Running Chicken nebula (6,500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:2026-04-14_NGC_3584_nebula_167mins_dnb.jpg&diff=4041 File:2026-04-14 NGC 3584 nebula 167mins dnb.jpg 2026-04-16T03:46:21Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:2026-04-11_NGC_4038_Antenna_galaxy_100mins.jpg&diff=4040 File:2026-04-11 NGC 4038 Antenna galaxy 100mins.jpg 2026-04-16T03:44:56Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:2026-04-11_NGC4628_Prawn_nebula_158min.jpg&diff=4039 File:2026-04-11 NGC4628 Prawn nebula 158min.jpg 2026-04-16T03:43:50Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4038 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-04-16T03:43:10Z <p>Admin: /* April */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2997 Sprial Galaxy (40 mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:2026-04-09 NGC 3324 nebula dnb 45mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3324 Nebula (9,100 ly)<br /> File:2026-04-11 IC2948 Running Chicken nebula 74mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|IC2948 Running Chicken nebula (6,500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:2026-04-11_IC2948_Running_Chicken_nebula_74mins.jpg&diff=4037 File:2026-04-11 IC2948 Running Chicken nebula 74mins.jpg 2026-04-16T03:42:24Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:2026-04-09_NGC_3324_nebula_dnb_45mins.jpg&diff=4036 File:2026-04-09 NGC 3324 nebula dnb 45mins.jpg 2026-04-16T03:39:51Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4035 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-04-16T03:24:58Z <p>Admin: /* April */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2997 Sprial Galaxy (40 mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2997 Sprial Galaxy (40 mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:NGC2070_2024-12-22_tarantula_LT6_SV505C_30m_160kly.jpg&diff=4034 File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg 2026-03-30T06:38:52Z <p>Admin: Admin uploaded a new version of File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg</p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4033 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-03-30T06:36:55Z <p>Admin: /* March */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2997 Sprial Galaxy (40 mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:ANT_NGC2997_Askar71F_SV505C_160minutes_40mly.jpg&diff=4032 File:ANT NGC2997 Askar71F SV505C 160minutes 40mly.jpg 2026-03-30T06:35:22Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4031 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-03-30T06:34:09Z <p>Admin: /* March */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 3372 Eta Carina Nebula (8,100 ly)<br /> <br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:CAR_NGC3372-Eta-Carina_Askar71F_SV550C_2026-03-26_80mins_dual-nb.jpg&diff=4030 File:CAR NGC3372-Eta-Carina Askar71F SV550C 2026-03-26 80mins dual-nb.jpg 2026-03-30T06:32:57Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Telescopes&diff=4029 Telescopes 2026-01-29T00:05:14Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> Current telescope setup:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 71mm diameter quadruplet (4-element) flat-field refractor with a focal length of 490mm.<br /> <br /> The red box to the side is an automatic focuser, attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Using an off-axis guider, the blue Touptec camera is at a 90-degree angle of the image train.<br /> <br /> The black disk with a blue section underneath is a 8-position filter wheel. Currently fitted with a 3nm dual-band filter for Hydrogen-Alpha and Oxygen-III.<br /> <br /> At the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> On top is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg|600px|thumb|none]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Previous scope:<br /> <br /> <br /> Until 2024 I used this scope, but I have since sold it. The details are still here for reference.<br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 6&quot; diameter (15cm) Schmidt-Cassegrain with a focal length of 1524mm.<br /> <br /> Just visible at the back is a much smaller 4cm diameter guide scope with a focal length of 160mm.<br /> <br /> The red box at the end is an automatic focuser and is attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Underneath that, at the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> Underneath that, with the round cable, is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Meade-LT6-SV165-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-QHY715C-HEQ5.jpg]]</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG_TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg&diff=4028 File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg 2026-01-29T00:02:25Z <p>Admin: Admin uploaded a new version of File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg</p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4026 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-01-28T21:13:42Z <p>Admin: /* January */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> - NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet (12kly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:2026-01-24_NGC2359_Thors_Helmet_128min.jpg&diff=4025 File:2026-01-24 NGC2359 Thors Helmet 128min.jpg 2026-01-28T21:12:03Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4024 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2026-01-28T09:30:57Z <p>Admin: /* June */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astrophotography&diff=4023 Astrophotography 2026-01-28T09:29:51Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>All of these images were taken by me, most with one of my [[Telescopes]].<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The distance to each object is given in light-years from earth.<br /> <br /> <br /> For context, to see where these objects are located:<br /> <br /> Objects with a distance of less than 2,000 light years are in close vicinity to our own solar system and in the same milky way 'Orion' arm.<br /> <br /> Most of the nearby objects are Nebulas and they contain clouds of dust and gas. They are lit up in various colours by nearby stars.<br /> <br /> The next arm closer to the core of our milky way is the Sagittarius arm (about 4,000 - 7,000 light years from earth)<br /> <br /> The center of our galaxy is believed to be around 26,000 light years away from us.<br /> <br /> The total diameter of our galaxy is around 100,000 light years.<br /> <br /> Some of the nearest galaxies are still very close to our own milky way, but at a distance of about the diameter of our own milky way we find the Large Magellanic cloud.<br /> <br /> The nearest well-formed spiral galaxy is Andromeda at about 2.5 Million light years from us.<br /> <br /> All the big individual stars you see in photos of galaxies are still from our own milky way, they appear as flies on a windscreen.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Gallery:<br /> <br /> [[File:Comet Leonard 2021-12-30.jpg|400px|thumb|none|Comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard), approaching our sun (0.000013 ly, 127 million km)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|400px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|400px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)]]</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:M20_2025-12_Akar71F_SV505C_Trifid_144mins_4kly.jpg&diff=4022 File:M20 2025-12 Akar71F SV505C Trifid 144mins 4kly.jpg 2026-01-28T09:29:22Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Telescopes&diff=4021 Telescopes 2026-01-27T01:11:46Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> Current telescope setup:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 71mm diameter quadruplet (4-element) flat-field refractor with a focal length of 490mm.<br /> <br /> On the other side (not visible) is an automatic focuser, attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Using an off-axis guider, the blue Touptec camera is at a 90-degree angle of the image train.<br /> <br /> At the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> On top is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg|600px|thumb|none]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Previous scope:<br /> <br /> <br /> Until 2024 I used this scope, but I have since sold it. The details are still here for reference.<br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 6&quot; diameter (15cm) Schmidt-Cassegrain with a focal length of 1524mm.<br /> <br /> Just visible at the back is a much smaller 4cm diameter guide scope with a focal length of 160mm.<br /> <br /> The red box at the end is an automatic focuser and is attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Underneath that, at the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> Underneath that, with the round cable, is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Meade-LT6-SV165-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-QHY715C-HEQ5.jpg]]</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Telescopes&diff=4020 Telescopes 2026-01-27T01:08:29Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> Current telescope setup:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 71mm diameter Petzval-style 4-element refractor with a focal length of 490mm.<br /> <br /> The red box at the end is an automatic focuser and is attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Using an off-axis guider, the blue Touptec camera is at a 90-degree angle of the image train.<br /> <br /> After that, at the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> On top is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg|600px|thumb|none]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Previous scope:<br /> <br /> <br /> Until 2024 I used this scope, but I have since sold it. The details are still here for reference.<br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 6&quot; diameter (15cm) Schmidt-Cassegrain with a focal length of 1524mm.<br /> <br /> Just visible at the back is a much smaller 4cm diameter guide scope with a focal length of 160mm.<br /> <br /> The red box at the end is an automatic focuser and is attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Underneath that, at the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> Underneath that, with the round cable, is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Meade-LT6-SV165-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-QHY715C-HEQ5.jpg]]</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Telescopes&diff=4019 Telescopes 2026-01-27T01:04:39Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> Current telescope setup:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 71mm diameter Petzval-style 4-element refractor with a focal length of 490mm.<br /> <br /> The red box at the end is an automatic focuser and is attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Using an off-axis guider, the blue Touptec camera is at a 90-degree angle of the image train.<br /> <br /> After that, at the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> On top is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Previous scope:<br /> <br /> <br /> Until 2024 I used this scope, but I have since sold it. The details are still here for reference.<br /> <br /> <br /> The main scope is a 6&quot; diameter (15cm) Schmidt-Cassegrain with a focal length of 1524mm.<br /> <br /> Just visible at the back is a much smaller 4cm diameter guide scope with a focal length of 160mm.<br /> <br /> The red box at the end is an automatic focuser and is attached to the scope's focusing knob.<br /> <br /> Underneath that, at the end of the optical path is the main camera, an SV505C (resolution 2712 x 1538 pixels)<br /> <br /> Underneath that, with the round cable, is a small computer which allows me to fully operate this rig remotely.<br /> <br /> The white contraption underneath is a SkyWatcher HEQ-5 Pro mount. This helps to counteract the earth's rotation so that objects remain fixed in the camera.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Meade-LT6-SV165-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-QHY715C-HEQ5.jpg]]</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG_TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg&diff=4018 File:Askar71F-MeleQ3-ZWO-EAF-SV505C-ZWO-OAG TouptekGuidecam-HEQ5.jpg 2026-01-27T01:00:26Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4017 Rpi-shutdown-button 2026-01-02T10:27:34Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 13 and up===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-lgpio.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python3-lgpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 10 and 11 (and maybe 12)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 9 and older===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python-rpi.gpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> NOTE: if /etc/rc.local doesn't exist on your system, you may need to enable it. To do so, please follow the instructions on this page: <br /> <br /> https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php/Systemd-tips<br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian 13 and up=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # apt-get install python3-lgpio<br /> <br /> from gpiozero import Button, LED<br /> from signal import pause<br /> import os<br /> import time<br /> <br /> # BCM Numbering<br /> BUTTON_PIN = 9<br /> LED_PIN = 11<br /> <br /> # Initialize hardware<br /> btn = Button(BUTTON_PIN, hold_time=4.0)<br /> led = LED(LED_PIN)<br /> <br /> # Variable to track the exact moment the button was pressed<br /> button_press_start = 0<br /> <br /> def start_heartbeat():<br /> &quot;&quot;&quot;Blinks the LED for 0.1s every 10 seconds&quot;&quot;&quot;<br /> # background=True is default, this runs in a separate thread<br /> led.blink(on_time=0.1, off_time=9.9, n=None)<br /> <br /> def handle_press():<br /> global button_press_start<br /> # led.off() stops any active blink/background thread immediately<br /> led.off()<br /> button_press_start = time.time()<br /> # Turn LED on solid to indicate the button is being held<br /> led.on()<br /> <br /> def handle_hold():<br /> &quot;&quot;&quot;Triggered strictly at the 4-second mark&quot;&quot;&quot;<br /> print(&quot;Threshold reached: Shutting down...&quot;)<br /> # Rapid flashing to confirm shutdown sequence<br /> led.blink(on_time=0.1, off_time=0.1, n=10)<br /> os.system(&quot;sudo /usr/sbin/shutdown -h now&quot;)<br /> <br /> def handle_release():<br /> &quot;&quot;&quot;Triggered on any release&quot;&quot;&quot;<br /> global button_press_start<br /> led.off()<br /> <br /> if button_press_start == 0:<br /> start_heartbeat()<br /> return<br /> <br /> duration = time.time() - button_press_start<br /> button_press_start = 0<br /> <br /> #print(f&quot;Button released after {duration:.2f} seconds&quot;)<br /> <br /> if 0.5 &lt; duration &lt; 4.0:<br /> print(&quot;Rebooting...&quot;)<br /> led.on()<br /> time.sleep(1)<br /> os.system(&quot;sudo /usr/sbin/reboot&quot;)<br /> else:<br /> # If it was a short press or after a reboot command failed<br /> # we resume the heartbeat<br /> start_heartbeat()<br /> <br /> print(&quot;Shutdown monitor active...&quot;)<br /> start_heartbeat()<br /> <br /> # Assign functions to events<br /> btn.when_pressed = handle_press<br /> btn.when_held = handle_hold<br /> btn.when_released = handle_release<br /> <br /> pause()<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> ===For newer versions of Debian (10 and 11) (possibly 12 as well)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> <br /> import gpiod<br /> import time<br /> import os<br /> <br /> # Mapping for Pi 1 B+<br /> # Physical 21 is BCM 9<br /> # Physical 23 is BCM 11<br /> BUTTON_PIN = 9<br /> LED_PIN = 11<br /> <br /> # Identify the GPIO chip (usually 0 on Pi 1/2/3/4)<br /> CHIP_ID = &quot;gpiochip0&quot;<br /> <br /> def run_monitor():<br /> try:<br /> chip = gpiod.Chip(CHIP_ID)<br /> <br /> # Setup LED as output<br /> led_line = chip.get_line(LED_PIN)<br /> led_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_OUT)<br /> <br /> # Setup Button as input<br /> btn_line = chip.get_line(BUTTON_PIN)<br /> btn_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_IN,<br /> flags=gpiod.LINE_REQ_FLAG_BIAS_PULL_UP)<br /> <br /> print(&quot;Shutdownmonitor active...&quot;)<br /> <br /> # Initial LED blink<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> while True:<br /> <br /> # Check button (0 is pressed because of PULL_UP)<br /> if btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button pressed&quot;)<br /> <br /> start_time = time.time()<br /> led_line.set_value(1) # Turn LED on while holding<br /> <br /> # Wait for release and count duration<br /> while btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> duration = time.time() - start_time<br /> <br /> # exit out of here if button is pressed long<br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> break<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button released, duration: &quot;, duration)<br /> <br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> print(&quot;Shutting down...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/shutdown -h now&quot;)<br /> break<br /> elif duration &gt; 0.5:<br /> print(&quot;Rebooting...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/reboot&quot;)<br /> break<br /> <br /> # Simple heartbeat blink every 10 seconds<br /> if (heartbeat_counter &gt; 100):<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = heartbeat_counter + 1<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> <br /> except Exception as e:<br /> print(f&quot;Error: {e}&quot;)<br /> finally:<br /> # Proper cleanup<br /> led_line.release()<br /> btn_line.release()<br /> <br /> if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:<br /> run_monitor()<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (9 and below)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4016 Rpi-shutdown-button 2026-01-02T10:26:34Z <p>Admin: /* For newer versions of Debian (10 and up) */</p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 13 and up===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-lgpio.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python3-lgpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 10 and 11 (and maybe 12)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 9 and older===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python-rpi.gpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> NOTE: if /etc/rc.local doesn't exist on your system, you may need to enable it. To do so, please follow the instructions on this page: <br /> <br /> https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php/Systemd-tips<br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> ===For newer versions of Debian (10 and 11) (possibly 12 as well)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> <br /> import gpiod<br /> import time<br /> import os<br /> <br /> # Mapping for Pi 1 B+<br /> # Physical 21 is BCM 9<br /> # Physical 23 is BCM 11<br /> BUTTON_PIN = 9<br /> LED_PIN = 11<br /> <br /> # Identify the GPIO chip (usually 0 on Pi 1/2/3/4)<br /> CHIP_ID = &quot;gpiochip0&quot;<br /> <br /> def run_monitor():<br /> try:<br /> chip = gpiod.Chip(CHIP_ID)<br /> <br /> # Setup LED as output<br /> led_line = chip.get_line(LED_PIN)<br /> led_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_OUT)<br /> <br /> # Setup Button as input<br /> btn_line = chip.get_line(BUTTON_PIN)<br /> btn_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_IN,<br /> flags=gpiod.LINE_REQ_FLAG_BIAS_PULL_UP)<br /> <br /> print(&quot;Shutdownmonitor active...&quot;)<br /> <br /> # Initial LED blink<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> while True:<br /> <br /> # Check button (0 is pressed because of PULL_UP)<br /> if btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button pressed&quot;)<br /> <br /> start_time = time.time()<br /> led_line.set_value(1) # Turn LED on while holding<br /> <br /> # Wait for release and count duration<br /> while btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> duration = time.time() - start_time<br /> <br /> # exit out of here if button is pressed long<br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> break<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button released, duration: &quot;, duration)<br /> <br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> print(&quot;Shutting down...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/shutdown -h now&quot;)<br /> break<br /> elif duration &gt; 0.5:<br /> print(&quot;Rebooting...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/reboot&quot;)<br /> break<br /> <br /> # Simple heartbeat blink every 10 seconds<br /> if (heartbeat_counter &gt; 100):<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = heartbeat_counter + 1<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> <br /> except Exception as e:<br /> print(f&quot;Error: {e}&quot;)<br /> finally:<br /> # Proper cleanup<br /> led_line.release()<br /> btn_line.release()<br /> <br /> if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:<br /> run_monitor()<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (9 and below)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-lgpio.zip&diff=4015 File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-lgpio.zip 2026-01-02T10:25:32Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4014 Rpi-shutdown-button 2026-01-02T10:09:39Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 13 and up===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-lgpio.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python3-lgpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 10 and 11 (and maybe 12)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For Debian version 9 and older===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python-rpi.gpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> NOTE: if /etc/rc.local doesn't exist on your system, you may need to enable it. To do so, please follow the instructions on this page: <br /> <br /> https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php/Systemd-tips<br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> ===For newer versions of Debian (10 and up)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> <br /> import gpiod<br /> import time<br /> import os<br /> <br /> # Mapping for Pi 1 B+<br /> # Physical 21 is BCM 9<br /> # Physical 23 is BCM 11<br /> BUTTON_PIN = 9<br /> LED_PIN = 11<br /> <br /> # Identify the GPIO chip (usually 0 on Pi 1/2/3/4)<br /> CHIP_ID = &quot;gpiochip0&quot;<br /> <br /> def run_monitor():<br /> try:<br /> chip = gpiod.Chip(CHIP_ID)<br /> <br /> # Setup LED as output<br /> led_line = chip.get_line(LED_PIN)<br /> led_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_OUT)<br /> <br /> # Setup Button as input<br /> btn_line = chip.get_line(BUTTON_PIN)<br /> btn_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_IN,<br /> flags=gpiod.LINE_REQ_FLAG_BIAS_PULL_UP)<br /> <br /> print(&quot;Shutdownmonitor active...&quot;)<br /> <br /> # Initial LED blink<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> while True:<br /> <br /> # Check button (0 is pressed because of PULL_UP)<br /> if btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button pressed&quot;)<br /> <br /> start_time = time.time()<br /> led_line.set_value(1) # Turn LED on while holding<br /> <br /> # Wait for release and count duration<br /> while btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> duration = time.time() - start_time<br /> <br /> # exit out of here if button is pressed long<br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> break<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button released, duration: &quot;, duration)<br /> <br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> print(&quot;Shutting down...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/shutdown -h now&quot;)<br /> break<br /> elif duration &gt; 0.5:<br /> print(&quot;Rebooting...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/reboot&quot;)<br /> break<br /> <br /> # Simple heartbeat blink every 10 seconds<br /> if (heartbeat_counter &gt; 100):<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = heartbeat_counter + 1<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> <br /> except Exception as e:<br /> print(f&quot;Error: {e}&quot;)<br /> finally:<br /> # Proper cleanup<br /> led_line.release()<br /> btn_line.release()<br /> <br /> if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:<br /> run_monitor()<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (9 and below)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4013 Rpi-shutdown-button 2026-01-01T04:35:57Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> ===Modern versions of Debian (version 10 and up)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (version 9 and older)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python-rpi.gpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> NOTE: if /etc/rc.local doesn't exist on your system, you may need to enable it. To do so, please follow the instructions on this page: <br /> <br /> https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php/Systemd-tips<br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> ===For newer versions of Debian (10 and up)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> <br /> import gpiod<br /> import time<br /> import os<br /> <br /> # Mapping for Pi 1 B+<br /> # Physical 21 is BCM 9<br /> # Physical 23 is BCM 11<br /> BUTTON_PIN = 9<br /> LED_PIN = 11<br /> <br /> # Identify the GPIO chip (usually 0 on Pi 1/2/3/4)<br /> CHIP_ID = &quot;gpiochip0&quot;<br /> <br /> def run_monitor():<br /> try:<br /> chip = gpiod.Chip(CHIP_ID)<br /> <br /> # Setup LED as output<br /> led_line = chip.get_line(LED_PIN)<br /> led_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_OUT)<br /> <br /> # Setup Button as input<br /> btn_line = chip.get_line(BUTTON_PIN)<br /> btn_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_IN,<br /> flags=gpiod.LINE_REQ_FLAG_BIAS_PULL_UP)<br /> <br /> print(&quot;Shutdownmonitor active...&quot;)<br /> <br /> # Initial LED blink<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> while True:<br /> <br /> # Check button (0 is pressed because of PULL_UP)<br /> if btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button pressed&quot;)<br /> <br /> start_time = time.time()<br /> led_line.set_value(1) # Turn LED on while holding<br /> <br /> # Wait for release and count duration<br /> while btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> duration = time.time() - start_time<br /> <br /> # exit out of here if button is pressed long<br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> break<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button released, duration: &quot;, duration)<br /> <br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> print(&quot;Shutting down...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/shutdown -h now&quot;)<br /> break<br /> elif duration &gt; 0.5:<br /> print(&quot;Rebooting...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/reboot&quot;)<br /> break<br /> <br /> # Simple heartbeat blink every 10 seconds<br /> if (heartbeat_counter &gt; 100):<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = heartbeat_counter + 1<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> <br /> except Exception as e:<br /> print(f&quot;Error: {e}&quot;)<br /> finally:<br /> # Proper cleanup<br /> led_line.release()<br /> btn_line.release()<br /> <br /> if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:<br /> run_monitor()<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (9 and below)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4012 Rpi-shutdown-button 2026-01-01T04:31:34Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> ===Modern versions of Debian (version 10 and up)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (version 9 and older)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python-rpi.gpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> NOTE: if /etc/rc.local doesn't exist on your system, you may need to enable it. To do so, please follow the instructions on this page: <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> ===For newer versions of Debian (10 and up)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> <br /> import gpiod<br /> import time<br /> import os<br /> <br /> # Mapping for Pi 1 B+<br /> # Physical 21 is BCM 9<br /> # Physical 23 is BCM 11<br /> BUTTON_PIN = 9<br /> LED_PIN = 11<br /> <br /> # Identify the GPIO chip (usually 0 on Pi 1/2/3/4)<br /> CHIP_ID = &quot;gpiochip0&quot;<br /> <br /> def run_monitor():<br /> try:<br /> chip = gpiod.Chip(CHIP_ID)<br /> <br /> # Setup LED as output<br /> led_line = chip.get_line(LED_PIN)<br /> led_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_OUT)<br /> <br /> # Setup Button as input<br /> btn_line = chip.get_line(BUTTON_PIN)<br /> btn_line.request(consumer=&quot;ShutdownScript&quot;, type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_IN,<br /> flags=gpiod.LINE_REQ_FLAG_BIAS_PULL_UP)<br /> <br /> print(&quot;Shutdownmonitor active...&quot;)<br /> <br /> # Initial LED blink<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> while True:<br /> <br /> # Check button (0 is pressed because of PULL_UP)<br /> if btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button pressed&quot;)<br /> <br /> start_time = time.time()<br /> led_line.set_value(1) # Turn LED on while holding<br /> <br /> # Wait for release and count duration<br /> while btn_line.get_value() == 0:<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> duration = time.time() - start_time<br /> <br /> # exit out of here if button is pressed long<br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> break<br /> <br /> #print(&quot;button released, duration: &quot;, duration)<br /> <br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> if duration &gt; 4.0:<br /> print(&quot;Shutting down...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/shutdown -h now&quot;)<br /> break<br /> elif duration &gt; 0.5:<br /> print(&quot;Rebooting...&quot;)<br /> os.system(&quot;/usr/sbin/reboot&quot;)<br /> break<br /> <br /> # Simple heartbeat blink every 10 seconds<br /> if (heartbeat_counter &gt; 100):<br /> led_line.set_value(1)<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> led_line.set_value(0)<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = 0<br /> <br /> heartbeat_counter = heartbeat_counter + 1<br /> time.sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> <br /> except Exception as e:<br /> print(f&quot;Error: {e}&quot;)<br /> finally:<br /> # Proper cleanup<br /> led_line.release()<br /> btn_line.release()<br /> <br /> if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:<br /> run_monitor()<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (9 and below)=== <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip&diff=4011 File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip 2026-01-01T04:17:46Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div></div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4010 Rpi-shutdown-button 2026-01-01T04:01:50Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> ===Modern versions of Debian (version 10 and up)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor-gpiod.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install gpiod python3-libgpiod<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===For older versions of Debian (version 9 and older)===<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python-rpi.gpio<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Rpi-shutdown-button&diff=4009 Rpi-shutdown-button 2025-12-30T10:50:14Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>A simple but very useful circuit to add to the raspberry pi's GPIO header is a Shutdown/Reset button with a feedback LED.<br /> <br /> - pressing the button briefly triggers a reset<br /> <br /> - pressing the button &gt; 4 seconds triggers a shutdown<br /> <br /> A status LED will indicate whether a reboot or shutdown has been initiated and will just blink once every 10 seconds to show that the computer is running and just doing its thing.<br /> <br /> [[File:SP0620.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Schematic:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-schematic.png|none]]<br /> <br /> The current draw for each individual GPIO pin must stay below 16mA, and the total draw for the whole 3.3V power rail must stay below 50mA.<br /> <br /> Using a 1k resistor for an LED we will have a current draw of less than 4mA.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Parts list:<br /> <br /> The pushbutton with LED illumination I used for this project was purchased from Jaycar.<br /> * Part Number: SP0620 - SPST PCB Mount Tactile - Metallic Vertical with LED - Red<br /> http://www.jaycar.com.au/Electromechanical-Components/Switches/Tactile/SPST-PCB-Mount-Tactile---Metallic-Vertical-with-LED---Red/p/SP0620<br /> <br /> * 2x 1k Ohm 1/4W resistors<br /> <br /> * 1x 3-pin .1&quot; pitch IDC header<br /> <br /> * 10cm ribbon cable (three wires)<br /> <br /> * heat shrink (2mm diameter)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> How to connect everything:<br /> <br /> * strip a short bit of insulation on three wires of the ribbon cable from one end<br /> <br /> * cut three small bits of heat shrink and shove over each of the three stripped wires<br /> <br /> * solder the ends of the three stripped wires to the 3-pin IDC header<br /> <br /> * cover the connections with heat shrink and apply heat to shrink them in place<br /> <br /> * from the other end of the ribbon cable, cut the middle and one outer wire 5cm shorter<br /> <br /> * trim the leads from the two resistor so that only a short bit of wire remains<br /> <br /> * solder a resistor on each end of the two wires<br /> <br /> * solder the cut-off 5cm pieces of wire to each of the resistor's other end<br /> <br /> You should now have something like this:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-button-cable.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * shove some short bits of heat shrink over the two resistors so the connections are insulated<br /> <br /> * trim the ends of the two wires with resistors so that all wires are the same length<br /> <br /> * familiarise yourself with the pinout of the pushbutton<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-pushbutton-pinout.jpg]]<br /> <br /> * bend pin 1 from switch 1 so it touches the Cathode pin of the LED and solder these together<br /> <br /> * solder the ribbon cable wire without resistors to the joint connection from the previous step (this will be the GND wire)<br /> <br /> * solder the middle wire to the Anode (the long pin in the middle of the switch, this will be the LED wire)<br /> <br /> * and lastly, solder the remaining wire to pin 2 of switch 1<br /> <br /> <br /> When all done, the connections to the switch should look something like in the below picture.<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-button-text.jpg|500px|thumb|none|Rpi shutdown button]]<br /> <br /> Use this image to connect the IDC header onto the Raspberry Pi connection header pins.<br /> <br /> <br /> Python button-listener program:<br /> <br /> [[File:Rpi-shutdown-monitor.zip]]<br /> <br /> * installing the software<br /> <br /> install the python gpio library:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> apt-get install python3-rpi.gpio (older versions of debian, use 'python-rpi.gpio')<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> Copy the python button-listener program to /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> <br /> Then, set the permissions: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> add to the command to the startup script: <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> vi /etc/rc.local<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> near the end of the script, but above the 'exit 0', enter the following line:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/shutdown-monitor.py &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> The full code for the shutdown monitor:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # This script will wait for a button to be pressed and then shutdown<br /> # the Raspberry Pi.<br /> <br /> import time<br /> from time import sleep<br /> import RPi.GPIO as GPIO<br /> import os<br /> <br /> GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)<br /> <br /> # Pin 21 will be input and will have its pull-up resistor (to 3V3) activated<br /> # so we only need to connect a push button with a current limiting resistor to ground<br /> GPIO.setup(21, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down = GPIO.PUD_UP)<br /> <br /> # GPIO10 (on pin 23) will be our LED pin<br /> GPIO.setup(23, GPIO.OUT)<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> # ISR: if our button is pressed, we will have a falling edge on pin 21<br /> # this will trigger this interrupt:<br /> def Int_shutdown(channel):<br /> <br /> # button is pressed<br /> # possibly shutdown our Raspberry Pi<br /> <br /> global int_active<br /> <br /> # only react when there is no other shutdown process running<br /> <br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> int_active = 1<br /> pressed = 1<br /> <br /> shutdown = 0<br /> <br /> # turn LED on<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> <br /> # count how long the button is pressed<br /> <br /> counter = 0<br /> <br /> while ( pressed == 1 ):<br /> <br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == False ):<br /> <br /> # button is still pressed<br /> <br /> counter = counter + 1<br /> <br /> # break if we count beyond 20 (long-press is a shutdown)<br /> if (counter &gt;= 20):<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> sleep(0.2)<br /> <br /> <br /> else:<br /> # button has been released<br /> <br /> pressed = 0<br /> <br /> # button has been released, dim LED, count cycles and determine action<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # count how long the button was pressed<br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 2):<br /> <br /> # short press, do nothing<br /> pressed = 0<br /> int_active = 0<br /> <br /> else:<br /> # longer press<br /> <br /> <br /> if (counter &lt; 20):<br /> <br /> # medium length press, initiate system reboot<br /> <br /> print(&quot;rebooting..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the reboot command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -r 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink fast until the system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.15)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> else:<br /> <br /> # long press, initiate system shutdown<br /> <br /> print(&quot;shutting down..&quot;)<br /> <br /> # run the shutdown command as a background process<br /> os.system(&quot;shutdown -h 0&amp;&quot;)<br /> <br /> # blink slow until system stops<br /> blink = 1<br /> while (blink &gt; 0):<br /> <br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> <br /> <br /> # Now we are programming pin 21 as an interrupt input<br /> # it will react on a falling edge and call our interrupt routine &quot;Int_shutdown&quot;<br /> GPIO.add_event_detect(21, GPIO.FALLING, callback = Int_shutdown, bouncetime = 1000)<br /> <br /> # blink once every couple of seconds while waiting for button to be pressed<br /> while 1:<br /> <br /> time.sleep(10)<br /> <br /> # only blink when the button isn't pressed<br /> if ( GPIO.input(21) == True ):<br /> <br /> # only blink when there's no shutdown in progress<br /> if (int_active == 0):<br /> <br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.HIGH)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> GPIO.output(23, GPIO.LOW)<br /> sleep(0.1)<br /> <br /> # That's all folks!<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Movies&diff=4008 Movies 2025-11-21T09:45:15Z <p>Admin: /* Movies I can recommend: */</p> <hr /> <div>==Here is a selection of movies I can recommend and suggestions from others==<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Movies I can recommend:===<br /> <br /> * Cloud Atlas (2012)<br /> * Inception (2010)<br /> * District 9 (2009)<br /> * Memento (2000)<br /> * The Matrix (1999)<br /> * Lock stock and two smoking barrels (1998)<br /> * The Big Lebowski (1998)<br /> * Fargo (1996)<br /> * Pulp Fiction (1994)<br /> * Resevoir Dogs (1992)<br /> * Prince of darkness (1987)<br /> * Down by Law (1986)<br /> * Amadeus (1984)<br /> * Blade Runner (1982)<br /> * The Thing (1982)<br /> * Das Boot (1981)<br /> * Alien (1979)<br /> * Halloween (1978)<br /> * Monty Python and the Quest for the Holy Grail (1975)<br /> * The Exorcist (1973)<br /> * 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)<br /> <br /> ===Movies suggested by others:===<br /> <br /> * arrival<br /> * Band<br /> * office killer<br /> * karakter<br /> * de aanslag<br /> * reykjavik rotterdam<br /> * code 46<br /> * aaltra<br /> * thunderbolt and lightfoot<br /> * kannibal the musical<br /> * burlesque<br /> * idiocracy<br /> * meet the feebles<br /> * the magic pudding<br /> * revolver<br /> * steam punk<br /> * city of lost children<br /> * amores perros<br /> * trancendent man<br /> * thank you for smoking<br /> * the cove<br /> * roger dodger<br /> * the day after tomorrow<br /> * high fidelity<br /> * point blank<br /> * Salt and Fire (2016)<br /> * Intersect (2020)<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Silly Movie things==<br /> <br /> What I cannot for the life of me understand is that in this day and age in movies:<br /> <br /> [[File:Plane-landing.jpeg]]<br /> * the sound of the wheels touching the tarmac of an airplane landing is instant. Sound travels slower than light. (same goes for lightning strikes)<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Car-on-dirt-road.jpeg]]<br /> * tyres make squealing sounds on a dirt road. There is not enough friction to make the rubber sound like that.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Explosions-in-space.jpeg]]<br /> * space ship engines and explosions observed from outer space make sound. They do not because sound does not travel well in a vacuum.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Monitor-text-beeps.jpeg]]<br /> * text on a computer screen makes noise when it is printed. It does not.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Satellite-in-orbit.jpeg]]<br /> * when satellites are shown in an orbit around the earth the sound of 1950's Telex RTTY is heard. Or Morse code. Or both!<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Knife-stabbing.jpeg]]<br /> * when someone is stabbed with a knife it makes a noise as if cutting through plated steel. A knife through meat is very silent. Try it.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Bomb-countdown.jpeg]]<br /> * countdown timers are always too slow. Do you own counting and you can sometimes find movie-seconds that last 10x as long.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Camera-on-a-ship.jpeg]]<br /> * movies shot on a boat often have the camera moving slowly clockwise and counterclockwise as if the boat is bobbing. I'm not even gonna explain this.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Binoculars.jpg]]<br /> * the view through binoculars is like a figure-8 on it's side. This is impossible, it's round!<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Explosion.jpeg]]<br /> * they tap the camera when there's an earthquake or an explosion, but no-one in the picture moves. <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Space-helmet-lights.jpg]]<br /> * space helmets with lights on the inside. Why would blinding yourself with light up-close be practical?<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Silly-image-enhancement.jpg]]<br /> * image enhancement absurdity.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Rifle-magazine.jpg]]<br /> * semi-automatic machine gun cartridge capacity absurdity (common cartridges only hold 30 rounds)</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Wifi-hotspot2&diff=4007 Wifi-hotspot2 2025-11-15T20:31:04Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>Here is a simpler way to set up a wifi hotspot to let multiple computers see each over over wifi.<br /> <br /> The hotspot currently does not have a way to provide an internet connection to the connected clients:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> nmcli connection add type wifi ifname wlan0 con-name p2p autoconnect yes ssid myhotspot<br /> nmcli connection modify p2p wifi.mode ap ipv4.method shared ipv4.addresses 192.168.10.1/24<br /> nmcli connection modify p2p wifi-sec.key-mgmt wpa-psk wifi-sec.psk mywifipassword wifi-sec.proto rsn wifi-sec.pairwise ccmp wifi-sec.group ccmp<br /> nmcli connection modify p2p wifi.band bg<br /> nmcli connection up p2p<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> To see the state of all connection profiles:<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> nmcli c show<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> To delete the p2p connection:<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> nmcli c del p2p<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Wifi-hotspot2&diff=4006 Wifi-hotspot2 2025-11-15T20:28:47Z <p>Admin: Created page with &quot;Here is a simpler way to set up a wifi hotspot to let multiple computers see each over over wifi. The hotspot currently does not have a way to provide an internet connection to the connected clients: &lt;pre&gt; nmcli connection add type wifi ifname wlan0 con-name p2p autoconnect yes ssid myhotspot nmcli connection modify p2p wifi.mode ap ipv4.method shared ipv4.addresses 192.168.10.1/24 nmcli connection modify p2p wifi-sec.key-mgmt wpa-psk wifi-sec.psk mywifipassword wifi-s...&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>Here is a simpler way to set up a wifi hotspot to let multiple computers see each over over wifi.<br /> <br /> The hotspot currently does not have a way to provide an internet connection to the connected clients:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> nmcli connection add type wifi ifname wlan0 con-name p2p autoconnect yes ssid myhotspot<br /> nmcli connection modify p2p wifi.mode ap ipv4.method shared ipv4.addresses 192.168.10.1/24<br /> nmcli connection modify p2p wifi-sec.key-mgmt wpa-psk wifi-sec.psk mywifipassword wifi-sec.proto rsn wifi-sec.pairwise ccmp wifi-sec.group ccmp<br /> nmcli connection modify p2p wifi.band bg<br /> nmcli connection up p2p<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Wifi-hotspot&diff=4005 Wifi-hotspot 2025-11-15T20:25:08Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>experimental setup, use at your own risk!<br /> <br /> <br /> Lots of random info here, just so I have a central place to keep configs, tips, links, etc..<br /> <br /> ===What's this about?===<br /> <br /> The wireless range extender I bought (D-Link DAP-1530) didn't quite work the way I wanted with the systems I was using:<br /> * after boot-up, the extender takes 11 minutes to finally settle if it can't detect an Internet connection<br /> * the device I wanted it to connect to is a Linux box that is configured as an access point, but every time I need to reboot the Linux box, the range extender loses its mind and needs a cold restart to regain connectivity with the Linux box.<br /> <br /> These issues made me look at rolling my own wifi extender using a raspberry pi.<br /> <br /> Update (Nov 2025) -- [[Wifi-hotspot2]] wifi hotspot using NetworkManager v2<br /> <br /> <br /> ===What I discovered===<br /> <br /> There are a lot of articles and howto's on setting up a shared hotspot, but many of them use several components (hostapd, dhcpcd, resolveconf, wpa_supplicant, dnsmasq) that all need to be talking to each other the right way. With too many variables, many things can go wrong. Although these solutions may work, the simplicity of a more integrated network managing system like NetworkManager makes a lot more sense to me. The setup below still uses wpa_supplicant and dnsmasq alongside NetworkManager, but the work to get it set up is way less.<br /> <br /> * Terminology: a Hotspot is the same as an Access Point; they do the same things.<br /> * Don't use iwd, hostapd or dnsmasq(*) but instead use NetworkManager; it's the modern way to manage network configurations<br /> * You can safely uninstall iwd, hostapd, dhcpcd, dhclient as NetworkManager has a built-in DHCP and DNS server and can set up Access Points just fine<br /> * You do not need any editing in /etc/network/interfaces and friends<br /> * You do not need /etc/hostapd*, or /etc/dhcpcd*, or /etc/dnsmasq* files<br /> * You do not need resolvconf; the systemd installed version of systemd-resolved is fine and is used by NetworkManager<br /> * The out-of-the-box NetworkManager does not need any further config files (I'm looking at you /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/dns.conf with your dns=dnsmasq)<br /> * Running a wifi-client and an Access Point on the same network card (it's called AP-STA) may be possible, but try with two separate adapters first<br /> * learn the basic commands of nmcli; it's a very nice tool to manipulate the network configurations<br /> * NetworkManager uses simple key-files which are in plain text readable ascii<br /> * If you want to manually edit any of the configurations files under /etc/NetworkManager be sure to load the new config with nmcli general reload<br /> * the creation of a hotspot with NetworkManager has it's own shortcut 'wifi hotspot', which really simplifies things, see example below<br /> * You do not need to put any additional configuration in /etc/wpa_supplicant/* (the default wpa_supplicant.conf is fine)<br /> * once the hotspot has been configured it does not load up automatically, do this from /etc/rc.local (maybe use autoconnect=yes?)<br /> * the setup created by the scripts shown below creates a NAT-shared wifi extender; i.e. the clients will be on a completely different subnet than the HomeWifi network<br /> * when the AP (connects to the HomeWifi) and the hotspot (broadcasts its own SSID) are running, you should have two green/connected lines in nmcli con (if using two adapters)<br /> * Use a USB Wireless adapter that is supported by the Linux kernel out of the box, otherwise you'll have to compile the drivers for it (doable, example: [[Linux wifi dongles]])<br /> (*) NetworkManager does use the dnsmasq binary, but it only needs dnsmasq-base and the dnsmasq systemd service should be set to masked/disabled/stopped.<br /> <br /> <br /> So far I have only been using 2.4Ghz 802.11 bg modes. This is probably less efficient than n mode, but for now I'm documenting just bg mode.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Network-diagram-wifi-nat-router.png]]<br /> <br /> ===Sample scripts===<br /> <br /> Create the normal client connection to another wifi router<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # use this to create a wifi connection using wlan0 to connect to your Internet-connected home wifi network<br /> SSID=&quot;HomeWifi&quot;<br /> IF=&quot;wlan0&quot;<br /> nmcli con add con-name $SSID type wifi ssid $SSID ifname $IF <br /> nmcli con mod $SSID 802-11-wireless-security.key-mgmt WPA-PSK <br /> nmcli con mod $SSID 802-11-wireless-security.psk &quot;secretpassword&quot;<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> Create the hotspot connection<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # use this to create a hotspot (aka Access Point) using wlan1 so other wireless clients can connect and use the internet from wlan0<br /> # WPA-PSK is implied with 'wifi hotspot'<br /> IF=&quot;wlan1&quot;<br /> SSID=&quot;HomeWifi-EXT&quot;<br /> nmcli dev wifi hotspot ssid $SSID password &quot;secretpasswordext&quot; ifname $IF band bg<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> Setup port forwarding:<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/pre-up/90-modify-nft-firewall<br /> <br /> nft flush ruleset<br /> <br /> nft -f - &lt;&lt;EOF<br /> table ip nm-shared-wlan1 {<br /> chain nat_postrouting {<br /> type nat hook postrouting priority srcnat; policy accept;<br /> ip saddr 10.42.0.0/24 ip daddr != 10.42.0.0/24 masquerade<br /> }<br /> <br /> chain filter_forward {<br /> type filter hook forward priority filter; policy accept;<br /> ip daddr 10.42.0.0/24 oifname &quot;wlan1&quot; iifname &quot;wlan0&quot; accept<br /> ip saddr 10.42.0.0/24 iifname &quot;wlan1&quot; oifname &quot;wlan0&quot; accept<br /> }<br /> <br /> chain prerouting {<br /> type nat hook prerouting priority dstnat; policy accept;<br /> tcp dport 5901 dnat to 10.42.0.26<br /> }<br /> }<br /> EOF<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> Setup client ip address reservations:<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq-shared.d/10-reserved-client-ip-addresses<br /> dhcp-host=28:11:a8:f4:8d:91,10.42.0.26<br /> dhcp-host=c0:55:12:da:f3:12,10.42.0.27<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Troubleshooting===<br /> <br /> If things don't work, try to get as much information as you can:<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # show all wireless interfaces<br /> iwconfig<br /> <br /> # show currently configured adapters<br /> ip a<br /> <br /> # show default route<br /> ip route<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> wpa_cli -i &lt;interface&gt; log_level debug # show lots of activity<br /> <br /> # show logs (-f or --follow) as they get produced<br /> journalctl -u NetworkManager -u wpa_supplicant -u systemd-networkd --follow<br /> <br /> wpa_cli -i &lt;interface&gt; log-level info # default (not sure if it has to be set back)<br /> <br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> Check country and permitted wifi bands/frequencies:<br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> iw reg get<br /> iw reg set &lt;CC&gt;<br /> <br /> iw phy phy0 info<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/99-wifi.conf<br /> # disable mac address randomization (optional, I didn't have to disable it on my system)<br /> [device-wifi-no-scan-mac-rand]<br /> wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # show DHCP leases obtained by clients on the wlan1 network:<br /> cat /var/lib/NetworkManager/dnsmasq-wlan1.leases<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;pre&gt;<br /> # show netfilter ip rules<br /> nft list ruleset<br /> &lt;/pre&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===TODO===<br /> * autoconnect hotspot (not with rc.local)<br /> * connect with 802.11n mode (ideally 40MHz bandwidth)<br /> * ability to set different wifi channels (if nearby congestion)<br /> * move from NAT to bridge (DHCP forward and everything on same subnet)<br /> * have AP_STA (Access Point + Client) on one network adapter<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Resources===<br /> <br /> General info:<br /> <br /> * https://www.raspberrypi.com/tutorials/host-a-hotel-wifi-hotspot/<br /> * https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Software_access_point<br /> * https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/NetworkManager<br /> <br /> <br /> Troubleshooting:<br /> <br /> * https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/612498/hotspot-network-creation-took-too-long-and-failed-activation<br /> * https://github.com/raspberrypi/bookworm-feedback/issues/220</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4004 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-12T10:20:11Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7793 NGC7793]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4003 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:37:38Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy M31 Andromeda]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Magellanic_Cloud NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy M33 Triangulum]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4002 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:35:32Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_289 NGC 289]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4001 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:34:24Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> - NGC 289<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=4000 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:33:45Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> - NGC 289<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3999 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:32:57Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> - NGC 289<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3998 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:04:42Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 292 - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) Sculptor galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> - NGC 289<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3997 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T08:02:32Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) Sculptor galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> - NGC 289<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3996 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-10T07:54:54Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) Sculptor galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3995 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-09T05:05:44Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 11 May (or 23 July)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_1313 NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) Sculptor galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3994 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-09T01:11:51Z <p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> - M58 (NGC 4579) [north] 23 july onwards?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_1313 NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) Sculptor galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin https://www.marcelpost.com/wiki/index.php?title=Astro-Observing-Calendar&diff=3993 Astro-Observing-Calendar 2025-11-02T10:39:50Z <p>Admin: /* November */</p> <hr /> <div>During what time of the year are objects are best suited to photograph <br /> <br /> * observer location around 30 degrees south latitude (e.g. Sydney, Australia)<br /> * evening imaging time starting from astronomical dark till 23:00<br /> * objects between 2 and 0 hours east of meridian<br /> * objects fainter than magnitude 12 are not included<br /> <br /> <br /> ==January==<br /> Sunset: 20:07<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:35<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 1499 California nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - M42 Orion nebula<br /> - IC434 Flame + Horse Head nebula<br /> - IC405 flaming star nebula<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab Nebula<br /> - NGC 1360 planetary nebula<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - Fornax galaxies cluster (NGC 1316, NGC 1399, NGC 1365, etc)<br /> - PGC 15406<br /> - PGC 13505<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 14765 (NGC 1553)<br /> - PGC 15941 (NGC 1672)<br /> <br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 Pleiades<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M42 2024-03-24 8-inch-F4-QHY715C 100s 1500ly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M42 Orion Nebula (1,500 ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:FOR NGC 1365 2024-12-28 LT6ACF SV505C 230x30sec-bin2-g100-o10 B 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 Galaxy (56 Mly)<br /> File:ORI B33-Horsehead 2024-03-13 2260s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Flame + HorseHead Nebula (1,400 - 1500 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==February==<br /> Sunset: 19:46<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:05<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Large Magellanic Cloud<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442) Meathook (Cobra and Mouse)<br /> - PGC 16709 (NGC 1792)<br /> - PGC 16779 (NGC 1808)<br /> - PGC 17819 (NGC 2090)<br /> - PGC 16716 (NGC 1784)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC405 Flaming Star nebula <br /> - NGC 2238 Rosette nebula<br /> - NGC 2070 Tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 2265 Cone nebula + Christmas Tree cluster<br /> - NGC 2175<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 1851<br /> - NGC 2298<br /> - NGC 1904<br /> <br /> [open cluster]<br /> - NGC 2243<br /> - M41 (NGC 2287)<br /> - NGC 2304<br /> - M35 (NGC 2168)<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - M1 (NGC 1952) Crab nebula<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:MON NGC 2238 2024-02-25 Rosette 780s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Rosette nebula (5,200 ly)<br /> File:PGC 21373 2025-04-18 50mins SV505 MeadeLT6.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2442 Meathook galaxy (50 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==March==<br /> Sunset: 19:13<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 29311 (NGC 3136)<br /> - PGC 26026 (NGC 2822)<br /> - PGC 24229 (NGC 2640)<br /> - PGC 27077 (NGC 2903)<br /> - PGC 24930 (NGC 2683)<br /> - PGC 27978 (NGC 2997)<br /> - PGC 29128 (NGC 3109)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> <br /> [globular cluster]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==April==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 28298 (NGC 3059)<br /> - PGC 21373 (NGC 2442)<br /> - PGC 24959 (NGC 2714)<br /> - PGC 21375 (NGC 2427)<br /> - PGC 24590 (NGC 2663)<br /> - PGC 25950 (NGC 2784)<br /> - PGC 23222 (NGC 2559)<br /> - PGC 22721 (NGC 2525)<br /> - PGC 25861 (NGC 2775)<br /> - NGC 2903<br /> <br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3195 pn<br /> - IC 2448 pn<br /> - NGC 2899<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 2808<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - M44 (NGC 2632) Beehive cluster<br /> - M67 (NGC 2682)<br /> <br /> ==May==<br /> Sunset: 16:15<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:30<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 33871<br /> - PGC 37061 (NGC 3923)<br /> - PGC 34554 (NGC 3621)<br /> - PGC 37967 (NGC 4038) Antennae <br /> - PGC 34160 (NGC 3585)<br /> - PGC 29265 (NGC 3115) Spindle<br /> - PGC 37845 (NGC 4030)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 33550 (NGC 3521)<br /> - M96 PGC 32192 (NGC 3368) (3x)<br /> - PGC 29814 (NGC 3166)<br /> - M66 PGC 34695 (NGC 3627) (3x)<br /> - PGC 36243 (NGC 3810)<br /> - PGC 31968 (NGC 3344)<br /> - PGC 33166 (NGC 3486)<br /> - PGC 32424 (NGC 3395)<br /> - PGC 32643 (NGC 3432)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 3372 Eta Carina nebula<br /> - Coal Sack nebula<br /> - NGC 3247<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 3372 2024-03-26 Eta-carina center-stars 8-inch-F4 QHY715C 60s 9kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Eta Carina nebula (9,000 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==June==<br /> Sunset: 16:58<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:35<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 45279 (NGC 4945)<br /> - PGC 46957 (NGC 5128) Centaurus A<br /> - PGC 51969 (NCG 5643)<br /> - PGC 43296 (NGC 4696)<br /> - PGC 46674 (NGC 5102)<br /> - PGC 40498 (NGC 4373)<br /> - M83 PGC 48082 (NGC 5236) Southern Pinwheel<br /> - PGC 48334 (NGC 5253)<br /> - PGC 46661 (NGC 5101)<br /> - PGC 46330 (NGC 5061)<br /> - PGC 45174 (NGC 4936)<br /> - PGC 46525 (NGC 5084)<br /> - PGC 46400 (NGC 5068)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 45908 (NGC 5018)<br /> - PGC 44261 (NGC 4825)<br /> - PGC 43902 (NGC 4781)<br /> - M104 PGC 42407 (NGC 4594) Sombrero<br /> - PGC 44582 (NGC 4856)<br /> - PGC 43276 (NGC 4697)<br /> - PGC 43238 (NGC 4691)<br /> - PGC 43671 (NGC 4753)<br /> - PGC 41823 (NGC 4536)<br /> - M61 PGC 40001 (NGC 4303)<br /> - Virgo Galaxy cluster M87 PGC 40653 (NGC 4406), M90, etc..<br /> - M64 PGC 44182 (NGC 4826) Black Eye galaxy<br /> - PGC 41441 (NGC 4494)<br /> - PGC 42002 (NGC 4559)<br /> - PGC 42637 (NGC 4631) Whale galaxy<br /> - PGC 40596 (NGC 4395)<br /> - PGC 45948 (NGC 5033)<br /> - PGC 45314 (NGC 4182)<br /> - M94 PGC 43495 (NGC 4736)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M20 Trifid<br /> - M8 Lagoon<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5139 Omega Centauri<br /> - M68 (NGC 4590)<br /> - M53 (NGC 5024)<br /> - M3 (NGC 5272)<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:M83 2024-04-28 MeadeLT6 SV505C southern-pinwheel 42mins 15Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M83 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (15 Million ly)<br /> File:M20-2023-07-09 8inchNewt-D1100-trifid small 4kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M20 Trifid Nebula (4,000 ly)<br /> File:SGT M8-lagoon 71F SV505C 20mins.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M8 Lagoon Nebula (4,100 ly)<br /> File:NGC5128 2024-05-19 Centaurus-A MeadeLT6 F10 SV505C 60min 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 5128 Centaurus-A (12 Million ly)<br /> File:VIR COR M104 2024-04-11 sombrero 40mm F4.1 30min 31Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M104 Sombrero Galaxy (31 Million ly)<br /> File:CEN NGC 4945 2024-05-22 LT6 SV505C 3000s 12Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 4945 (12 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==July==<br /> Sunset: 16:59<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy<br /> - PGC 55582 (NGC 5938)<br /> - PGC 51969 (NGC 5643)<br /> - PGC 50100 (NGC 5419)<br /> - PGC 48040 (IC 4296)<br /> - PGC 54429 (NGC 5885)<br /> - PGC 48171 (NGC 5247)<br /> - PGC 53499 (NGC 5792)<br /> - PGC 53979 (NGC 5850)<br /> - PGC 51233 (NGC 5566)<br /> - PGC 48130 (NGC 5248)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - M16 Eagle nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - IC 4499<br /> - NGC 5694<br /> - M5 (NGC 5904)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 5316<br /> - NGC 5281<br /> - NGC 5662<br /> - NGC 5822<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:SER M16 2025-09-23-askar71F SV505C eagle-nebula 20x60sec.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M16 Eagle Nebula (5,700 ly)<br /> File:PAV NGC6744 2025-09-18 Askar71F SV505C 50x1min with-starnet.jpg|200px|thumb|none|Peacock Galaxy (NGC 6744) (23 Mly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==August==<br /> Sunset: 17:31<br /> <br /> Dark: 18:50<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - NGC 6744 peacock galaxy ?<br /> - NGC 6822 Bernard's Galaxy (1.6Mly) ?<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - NGC 6165 pn<br /> - IC 4605<br /> - IC 4604 Rho Opiuchi nebula<br /> - IC 4592 Blue Horse Head nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 6362<br /> - NGC 6121<br /> - M9 (NGC 6333)<br /> - M19 (NGC 6273)<br /> - M62 (NGC 6266)<br /> - M4 (NGC 6121)<br /> - M107 (NGC 6171)<br /> - M12 (NGC 6218)<br /> - M10 (NGC 6254)<br /> - M14 (NGC 6402)<br /> - M13 (NGC 6205)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6025<br /> - NGC 6250<br /> - M7 (NGC 6475) Ptolemy's cluster<br /> - IC 4665<br /> <br /> ==September==<br /> Sunset: 18:14<br /> <br /> Dark: 20:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)<br /> - PGC 66549 (NGC 7049)<br /> - PGC 64192 (NGC 6868)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - NGC 7009 saturn pn<br /> - M27 (NGC 6853) Dumbbell nebula<br /> - NGC 6960 Veil nebula (sn remnant)<br /> - NGC 6888 Crescent nebula<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - M30 (NGC 7099)<br /> - M75 (NGC 6864)<br /> - M72 (NGC 6981)<br /> - M2 (NGC 7089)<br /> - M15 (NGC 7078)<br /> <br /> [open clusters]<br /> - NGC 6819 Fox head cluster<br /> <br /> ==October==<br /> sunset: 19:05<br /> <br /> dark: 20:25<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7090 PGC 67045 (NGC 7090)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7013 PGC 66003 (NGC 7013)]<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7009 NGC 7009 Saturn nebula pn]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6960 NGC 6960 Veil nebula]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7293 NGC 7293 Helix nebula]<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7099 M30 (NGC 7099)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7089 M2 (NGC 7089)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6981 M72 (NGC 6981)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7078 M15 (NGC 7078)]<br /> <br /> [supernova remnant]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6995 NGC 6995]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:AQU NGC 7293 2025-09-29 helix nebula 71F SV505C 130min.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 7293 Helix Nebula (650 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==November==<br /> Sunset: 19:40<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:10<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_246 NGC 246 pn Skull Nebula]<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Small Magellanic Cloud<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_1313 NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_55 PGC 1014 (NGC 55) String of Pearls galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) Sculptor galaxy]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_300 PGC 3238 (NGC 300)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7582 PGC 71001 (NGC 7582)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7531 PGC 70800 (NGC 7531)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7713 PGC 71866 (NGC 7713)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_5332 PGC 71775 (IC 5332)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_253 PGC 2789 (NGC 253) sculptor, silver coin]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_247 PGC 2758 (NGC 247)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_45 PGC 930 (NGC 45)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_628 M74 (NGC 628)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_1613 PGC 3844 (IC 1613)]<br /> - M31 Andromeda<br /> - M33 Triangulum <br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_104 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)]<br /> - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_288 NGC 288]<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC253 2024-11-23 Sculptor LT6 SV505 57x30sec 28min 11Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy (11 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==December==<br /> Sunset: 20:10<br /> <br /> Dark: 21:45<br /> <br /> [galaxies]<br /> - Fornax galaxies NGC 1365<br /> - PGC 9031 (NGC 891) Silver Sliver<br /> - NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy<br /> - PGC 12286 (NGC 1313)<br /> - PGC 13586 (NGC 1433)<br /> - PGC 13727 (NGC 1448)<br /> - PGC 12209 (NGC 1269)<br /> - PGC 13418 (NGC 1399)<br /> - PGC 13059 (NGC 1350)<br /> - PGC 13434 (NGC 1398)<br /> - PGC 13419 (NGC 1395)<br /> - PGC 13505 (NGC 1407)<br /> - PGC 10488 (NGC 1097)<br /> - PGC 12412 (NGC 1300)<br /> - PGC 11819 (NGC 1232)<br /> - PGC 9057 (NGC 908)<br /> - M77 PGC 10266 (NGC 1068) Squid<br /> - PGC 9359 (NGC 936)<br /> - PGC 9332 (NGC 925)<br /> - PGC 1014 (NGC 55)<br /> <br /> [nebulae]<br /> - LMC, tarantula nebula<br /> - NGC 1333 Embryo nebula<br /> <br /> [open star clusters]<br /> - M45 pleiades<br /> - NGC 752<br /> <br /> [globular clusters]<br /> - NGC 362<br /> <br /> Examples:<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;<br /> File:NGC 362 2024-12-23 globular cluster SMC 510sec LT6 SV505 bin2.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 362 Globular Cluster (29,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1365 2024-12-25 LT6ACF SV505C 30min (300s-bin2-g100-o10) 56Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1365 (56 Million ly)<br /> File:NGC2070 2024-12-22 tarantula LT6 SV505C 30m 160kly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 2070 Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (160,000 ly)<br /> File:NGC 1313 2024-12-26 LT6ACF SV505C 2x2 g100 50mins 10Mly.jpg|200px|thumb|none|NGC 1313 Topsy Turvy Galaxy (10 Million ly)<br /> File:TAU M45 2024-12-23 pleiades QHY715C bin2 1710s.jpg|200px|thumb|none|M45 Pleiades open star cluster (444 ly)<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;</div> Admin